RodneyAbyss

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This is a deep sea octopus. As you can see that it does not have many bones because if it did the pressure from the surface would crush it. The pressure is equivalent to an elephant stepping on you little finger. (How cool!! Fun Fact)



This __**Abyss Atlas**__ shows the deeps sea drop offs called shelves. There are also under water trenches that go thousands of feet down into the earth.

=__//**Organisms Of The Abyss**//__=



__***Two Microscopic organisms**__- One type is the microbe. It is a microscopic animal that grows on deep sea reefs in the abyss. These microbes feed on other microscopic organisms. The next one is Bacteria. they in bundles, and they do not under go sexual reproduction. they do something called //binary fusion//.

* In the deep sea there are many microorganisms and most of them are multicellular organisms that live in groups the ones in the deep have learned to adapt to the extreme conditions of the pressure and low oxygen level. One is the Ostreococcus, one of the smallest free-living organisms. The next is called an extremophile for the simple reason that it has adapted to the extreme conditions of the abyss.

**__2 Free-swimming organisms or Free Floating organism__s**

There are many unknown creatures in the deep but there are also many that humans have discovered. The two free-swimming organisms that I want to show you today are the Viperfish and the Giant squid.

 **//Viperfish (Chauliodus sloani)//**- it can be identified by its large fang like teeth. They are so long that they do not fit inside its mouth. They use their teeth to impale their prey when swimming at high speeds. They have a dorsal spine that has a tip with a photosphere on it. A photosphere is a light that the animal produces from the chemical reactions in its body. They use their light just like most of the animals in the deep, to attract prey.



**//Giant Squid (Architeuthis dux)//**- The Giant Squid is in the same family with octopuses, squids and cuttlefish. The squid can get up to 60 feet long, but none have been documented. The female squid is much larger than the male. The female gets up to 43 feet long and the male up to 33. Like many other squids the Giant Squid consist of a mantle, eight arms, and to lower tentacles. As most people know squids have suction cups on there arms and on those suction cups are saw like edges to help the squid hold on to food. These animals have a very complex nervous system and a well-developed brain. They are thought to be one of the smartest invertebrates.



Plant type organism in the Abyssal zone is the Giant ** // Tubeworm // **. The giant Tubeworms live near hydrothermal vents that sprout up from the sea floor and admit sulfur and many other chemicals from them. These Giant Tubeworms feed on the sulfur that comes from the vents. You would find them growing around the hydrothermal vents.
 * __Plant organism in the Abyss__ **



THE TWILIGHT ZONE


 * Characteristics ** or the deep consist of light, pressure, temperature, oxygen, and food. These animals have to adapt to see, move, eat, reproduce and keep from being eaten by other predators.

=
**Light** is nowhere to be found in the deep-sea abyss. This is one reason it is called the twilight zone. The only source of light in the deep is called bioluminescence. This is a chemical in the organisms’ body that makes light. Scientist say that since the animals cannot see well they have also adapted larger eyes to see the very little that goes on in the deep. Light also puts a hold on the amount an organism can reproduce, since they can not see they use light and chemical signals to attract a mate. =====

Things that make life hospitable


 * Pressure **in the abyssal zone varies from 20 atms to 1000 atms. This is a big part of survival in the deep. If an animal were to be collected in the deep, the split second absence of the pressure causes their organs to expand and explode. This is why the deep-sea creatures do not have bones their bodies are soft and stretch like.


 * Food **is something that is scarce down in the abyss since there is not any light. It is hard for an organism to get food because they cannot see. So they often reside to eating decade carcasses that float down from the sea levels above. This is one of the main ways animals get their food.

Something if changed can effect lots of organisms are:


 * Hydrothermal Vents **- these are vents that extract warmer water than the one around it. Many of the animals in the deep seek these vents in search of food and warmer waters. The Giant Tubeworms who feed from them may be eating by another animal and if these vents were to be dismissed from the deep it would and could wipeout lots of organism.




 * __Personal Review__ **

The organisms in the abyss are so unusual that this visiting this place would benefit man to the point of finding out about new things in the world. This place is so unknown to man that these species look like aliens to compare to other animals known to man. This new space causes the society to try and create structures that can withstand the environmental conditions so that more can be learned.

__**CITATION:**__

Kurt, Sean. //Black smoker//. N.d. //www.flickr.com//. yahoo, n.d. Web. 6 Sept. 2010.

__** "Oddee." // 10 horrible deep sea creatures //****. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Sept. 2010. **__ __** . **__

__P, Lepp, and Brinig M. "Microorganisms." //microorganisms//. wikapedia, Spring__ __2004. Web. 6 Sept. 2010. __

__Sea and sky. "The sea ." //The sea//. flickr and facebook, n.d. Web. 9 Sept. 2010.__ ____

__Zankl, Sulivan. //Euchirella sp.// Spring 2005. //www.Flickr.com//. yahoo, n.d. Web. 6__ __Sept. 2010.__